MURMU NOTES

  In 2023, India's carbon emissions are predicted to surge by 8.2%, and China is projected to witness a 4% increase, as reported by the Global Carbon Budget. This annual update involves 120 scientists, including those from the University of Exeter, UK, and researchers from 90 global institutions.  Global Trends in Emissions: The report forecasts increases in global emissions from coal, oil, and gas by 1.1%, 1.5%, and 0.5%, respectively. Conversely, the European Union (EU) and the United States are expected to see declines of 7.4% and 3% in their emissions. Key Figures from the Report: 1. Total global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, including fossil fuels and land-use change, are estimated to reach 40.9 billion tonnes in 2023. 2. Fossil fuel-related emissions are anticipated to rise by 1.1%, reaching 36.8 billion tonnes. 3. Atmospheric CO2 levels are projected to average 419.3 parts per million in 2023, surpassing pre-industrial levels by over 50%. Carbon Dioxide Removal Challe...

  According to a recent report from the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), adopting sustainable practices in the global cooling sector could lead to a substantial 60% reduction in projected greenhouse gas emissions by the year 2050.  Critical Role of the Cooling Sector: The cooling sector, responsible for 20% of electricity use, is vital for addressing escalating temperatures, ensuring food quality, maintaining vaccine stability, and sustaining productive economies. However, its current trajectory poses a threat, as installed cooling equipment is projected to triple, leading to more than a doubling of electricity consumption by 2050. Proposed Action Plans for Sustainability: The Global Cooling Watch Report recommends diverse action plans to tackle challenges, including passive cooling methods (such as cool roofs and natural shading), higher energy efficiency standards, and an expedited phasedown of climate-warming refrigerants and air conditioning. Accelerating Phase...